4 




















uunstiiimon oi me American missionary Association. 

Incorporated January JO, 1849. 

-- 

Airr. I. This Society shall be called “ TnE American Missionary Association.” 

Art. II. The object of this Society shall be to send the Gospel to those portions of 
our own and other countries which are destitute of it, or which present open and ! 
urgent fields of effort. 

Art. III. Any person of evangelical sentiments,* who professes faith in the Lord 
Jesus Christ, who is not a slaveholder, or in the practice of other immoralities, and 
who contributes to the funds, may become a member of the Society; and by the 
payment of thirty dollars, a life member; provided, that children and others who 
have not professed their faith, may be constituted life members without the privilege < 
of voting. 

Art. IV. This Society shall meet annually, in the month of September, October, 
or November, for the election of officers and the transaction of other business at 
such time and place as shall be designated by the Executive Committee. 

Art. V. The annual meeting shall be constituted of the regular officers and mem¬ 
bers of the Society at the* time of such meeting, and of delegates from churches, 
local missionary societies, and other co-operating bodies—each body being entitled to 
one representative. 

Art. VI. The officers of the Society shall be a President, Vice-Presidents, a Re¬ 
cording Secretary, Corresponding Secretaries, Treasurer, two Auditors, and an 
Executive Committee of not less than twelve, of which the Corresponding Secretarie, 
and Treasurer shall be ex-officio members. 

Art. VII. To the Executive Committee shall belong the collecting and disburs¬ 
ing of funds; the appointing, counseling, sustaining, and dismissing (for just and 
sufficient reasons) missionaries and agents ; the selection of missionary fields ; and, 
in general, the transaction of all such business as usually appertains to the executive 
committees of missionary and other benevolent societies; the Committee to exercise 
no ecclesiastical jurisdiction over the missionaries; and its doings to be subject 
always to the revision of the annual meeting, which shall, by a reference mutually 
chosen, always entertain the complaints of any aggrieved agent or missionary: and 
the decision of such reference shall be final. 

The Executive Committee shall have authority to fill all vacancies occurring I 
among the officers between the regular annual meetings; to apply, if they see fit, to 
any State Legislature for acts of incorporation ; to fix the compensation, where any ! 
is given, of all officers, agents, missionaries, or others in the employment of the 
Society; to make provision, if any, for disabled missionaries, and for the widows and I 
children of such as are deceased; and to call, in all parts of the country, at their 
discretion, special and general conventions of the friends of missions, with a view to 
the diffusion of the missionary spirit, and the general and vigorous promotion of 
the missionary work. 

Five members of the Committee shall constitute a quorum for transacting business. 

Art. VIII. This Society, in collecting funds, in appointing officers, agents, and 
missionaries, and in selecting fields of labor, and conducting the missionary work, 
will endeavor particularly to discountenance slavery, by refusing to receive the 
known fruits of unrequited labor, or to welcome to its employment those who hold 
their fellow-beings as slaves. 

Art. IX. Missionary bodies, churches, or individuals, agreeing to the principlesot j 
this Society, and wishing to appoint and sustain missionaries of their own, shall be 
entitled to do so through the agency of the Executive Committee, on terms mutually 
agreed upon. 

Art. X. No amendment shall be made in this Constitution without the concur* 
rence of two-thirds of the members present at a regular annual meeting; nor unlesd 
the proposed amendment has been submitted to a previous meeting, or to the Execu¬ 
tive Committee m season to be published by them (as it shall be their duty to do, if 
so submitted,) in the regular official notification of the meeting. 

*By evangelical sentiments we understand, among others, a belief in the guilty and lost 
condition of all men without a Saviour; the Supreme Deity, Incarnation, and Atoning Sacri¬ 
fice of Jesus Christ, the only Saviour of the world ; the necessity of regeneration by the Iloly 
Spirit, repentance, faith, and holy obedience, in order to salvation ; the immortality of the 
soul; and the retributions of the judgment in the eternal punishment of the wicked and 
salvation of tho righteous. 











EMERSON COLLEGE, MOBILE, ALA, 


MISSIONARIES AND TEACHERS 

OF THE 


gVmman ^sswtotiou, 


WOR 1860 — 9 . 

The following list contains the Names, Homes, and places of labor of all who 
have been commissioned by the Association for service among the Freedmen in 
the South, from September 1st, 1868, to May, 1869. 


Rev. Geo. Whipple, 
Rev. M. E. Strieby, 


Secretaries. 


Rev. Emv P. Smith, 

Genl. Field Agent. 


Commissioned at the Central Office. 


MARYLAND. 

DARLINGTON. PRINCE FREDERICK. 


NAME. 

Miss M. E. Watson, 

HOME. 

Newport, R. I. 

NAME. 

Miss M. L. Hoy, 

HOME. 

Brooklyn, N. Y. 


DISTRICT 

OF COLUMBIA. 



WASHINGTON. 


Rev. Geo. N Marden, 

Washington, D. C. 

Miss Ella A. Cole, 

Medway, Mass. 


Thirteen additional teachers in the Night an! Industrial Schools are connected with the 
Lincoln Mission in Washington. 


VIRGINIA. 

ALEXANDRIA. 


CAPEVILLE. 


Mrs. Maria N. Parker, Salem, Mass. 

DRUMMONDTOWN 

Mr David P. Allen, North Brookfield, Mass. 

FRANKLIN DEPOT. 

Miss M. A. Andrus, Riceville, Pa. 

GLOUCESTER, C. H. 

Mr. Elias F. Jefferson, Charleston, S. C. 


Mr. A. J. Montgomery, Capeville, Va. 

EAST'S ILLE. 

Miss R. G. C. Patten, New York City. 

“ M. J. Doxey, Brooklyn, E. D. 

HARRISONBURG. 

Miss Elizabeth James,! Medford, Mass. 
MATTHEWS, C. H. 

Mr. M. G. E. Fitch, Watertown, Conn. 








































2 


4 - 3 ^ 

1297 

HAMPTON. JAMES CITY CO. 


Gen. S. C. Armstrong, 
Miss Celia E. Williams, 
44 Phebe A. Williams, 
“ Vina S. Knowles, 

“ Hattie E. Reed, 

“ Abbie Guild, 

“ Jane S. Woolsey, 

“ E. P. Breck.t 
“ A. L. Etheridge, 

11 M. E. Sheriff," 

44 Rebecca T. Bacon, 
“ Louise Gilman, 

“ Mary E. Kingsley, 
“ Eliza Jackson, 

“ Sarah Brown. 

“ Nancy J Ellison, 
Mr. Jas. A Field, 

44 Sam’l Windsor, 

M. R. Wallace, 

“ Edw’d Whitehurst, 
41 G. W. Taylor, 


Miss Marcia Colton, 
44 Lizzie Parsons, 


Hampton. 

Sout i Deerfield, Mass 

44 

Riverhead, L. I. 
Madison, N. Y. 
Walpole, Mass. 

New York City 
Non hampton, Mass. 
Montrose, Pa., 

Mercer, Pa 
New Haven, Conn. 
Norwich Town, Conn. 
Westfield, Mass. 
Charleston, S. C. 
Bladen Co., N. C. 
Beaufort. N. C. 
Hampton, Ya. 
Newberne, N. C. 
Williamsburg, Ya. 
Hampton. Ya. 

44 


Springfield, Mass. 
Utica, N. Y. 


RICHMOND. 


BRIDGETOWN. 

+Miss H. A. Orcutt, We.sthampton, Mass. 
Miss Bridget Booker, Eastern Shore, Ya 


Mrs. E. G. Jackson, Concord, Mass. 

NORFOLK. 


Miss Fannie Gleason, 
Mrs. Margaret Rodger, 
Miss Clara C. Chappel, 
44 H. L. Chase, 

44 Mary K. Colburn, 
44 Mary Kildare, 

44 S. H Twitched, 

“ Harriette M. Buss, 
44 Anna F. Ward, 


Glens Falls, N. Y. 
Gouverneur, N. Y. 
Brockport, N Y. 

Parma Centre, N. Y. 
Worcester, Mass. 
Newry, Ireland. 
Saratoga Springs, N. Y 
Sterling, Mass. 
Rochester, N. Y. 


NEWPORT NEWS. 

Mr. Rufus S. Jones. Newport News, Ya. 


ONANCOCK. 

Miss Phebe E. Henson, New Bedford, Mass. 
PUNGOTEAGUE. 

Miss L. A. Spivery, Hampton, Ya. 

STAUNTON. 

Mr. John Scott, Naugatuck, Conn. 

Miss Margaret Burke, Pittsfield, Mass. 

44 Sarah H. Davison, Chester, Conn. 


VIRGINIA. 


(La'jDring uader the Direction, and Supported by the Free "Will Baptist Home Miss. Society.) 
LEXINGTON. 

Miss E. L Oliver, Georgetown, Me. 

Mrs. A. M. Shaw, Nortn Dixmont, Me. 

WINCHESTER. PLEASANT VALLEY, MD. 

Rev. J. W. Dunjed, Buffalo, N. Y. Miss Lizzie Lovitt, Winchester, Ya. 


BERRYVILLE. 
Rev. Wm. A. Jackson, 


WEST VIRGINIA. 

HARPER S FERRY. CHARLESTON. 


Rev. N. C. Brackett, Philip 1 . Me. 

Mr. A. L. Houghton, Weld, Me. 

Miss Martha -i Stowers, New Sharon, Me. 
44 Laura E. Brackett, Phillips Me. 

44 Phebe P. Libby, Wells, Me. 


Rev. John Lyle, New York City. 

MARTINSBURG. 

Rev. Jas. W. Storam, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Miss Anna S. Dudley, Lewiston, Me 


NORTH CAROLINA. 


BEAUFORT. 


MOREHEAD CITY’. 


Rev. Francis Horton, 
Mrs. A. H. Horton, 
Miss Susan Gilbert, 

44 E. M. Horton, 

44 M. E Hanson, 

44 Louisa A. Jones. 
44 Eliza Lewis, 


Barrington, R I. 

44 

Fredonia, N. Y. 
Barrington, R I. 
Indiana, Pa 
Jamestown, N. Y. 
Knowlesville, N. Y. 


Mr. Michael Jerkins, Beaufort, N. C. 

Miss Hattie Frefford, 44 

NEWPORT. 

Mr. William J. Moore, Washington, N. C. 
Miss L. F Whittington, Bauge Sound, N. C. 


SMITHFIELD. 

Miss S. F. Hayes, Limerick, Me. 

t 4 ‘ E. M. Hammerer, Syracuse, N. Y. 

44 M. A. Brewer. Stcckbridge, Mass. 

FAYETTEVILLE. 

Mr. Robert Harris, Cleveland, Ohio. 

*• Cicero R. Harris, 44 

Miss Louisa Broadfoot, Fayetteville, N. C. 


RALEIGH 


Rev. Fisk P. Brewe^.t 
Miss EstherP. Ila/es, 
44 Fannie Graves, 
Mr. A. C. Biandin.t 


Raleigh. N. C. 
Limerick Me. 
Hatfield, Ma<s. 
Hoaesdale, Pa. 


WHITES VILLE. 


Mr. F. C. Sadg.var, Wilmington, N. C. 


^Resigned 


WILMINGTON. 


Mr. H. S. Beals, 

Mrs. H. N. Beals, 

Rev. H. B. Blake, 

Rev. E. P. Stone, 

Miss Laura J. Noble, 
Mrs. E. L. Piper, 

Miss Sarah Beals. 

44 Mary S. Williams, 
44 Augusta F. Noble, 
44 Cornelia Catlin, 

44 Nettie M. Clark, 

44 E. Francis Jeucks, 
44 E. A Warner, 

44 C. Anthony, 

44 H. L Fitts, 

44 H. H. Grosvenor, 

44 Martha Nixon, 

44 dosephine Holmes. 
Mr. Elisha McKuller, 


Angelica. N. Y. 

44 

Belchertown, Mass. 
Boston, Mass 
Adams Basin, N. Y. 
Lowell, Mass. 
Angelica, N. Y. 
Warsaw, N. Y. 
Alabama, N. Y. 
Clinton, N Y. 

Adams Basin, N. Y. 
Killingly, Conn. 
Lowell, Mass 
Union Springs, N. Y’. 
Candia, N. H. 
Canterbury, Ct. 
Wilmington, N. C. 

i 4 

Wilmington, N. C. 








3 


SOUTH CAROLINA. 


BEAUFORT. 


Rev. Dana M. Walcott,t 
Dr. S. W. Van Duyne, 
Miss E. M. Walcott, 

“ M. A. Burnett, 

“ C. M. Keith, 

44 J. Pepper, 

44 M. H. Clary, 

“ M. Johnson, 

“ Effie J. Gould, 

“ M. F. Putnam, 

Mrs N. B Carlton, 


Providence, R. 1. 
Beaufort, S. C. 

Natick, Mass. 
Southampton, N. Y. 
Middleboro, Mass. 
Beaufort, S. C. 

Conway, Mass. 

St. Albans, Vt. 

Groton Junction, Mass. 
Leominster, Mass. 
Beaufort, S. C. 


CHARLESTON. 


Mr. Mortimer A. Warren, Rockville, Conn. 
Rev. Giles Pease, M. D., Boston, Mass. 

Miss M. L. Kellogg,* 

“ Ellen M. Pierce, 

“ Carrie F. Aitken, 

“ M. L. Boutelle, 

“ Marcella L. Farwell, Westfield, N. Y. 

“ Abby D. Munro, Bristol, R. I. 

“ N. L. Sawyer, Newburyport, Mass. 

“ Kate S Mattison, Seaville, N. J. 

“ Hattie Miller, Charleston, S. C. 


Avon, Conn. 
Charleston, S C. 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Leominster, Mass. 


GEORGETOWN. 

J. H. Simonson, Charleston, S. C. 

Mr. Jas. L. Hagerman,t New York City. 
Mrs. Laura Bowley, Georgetown, S. C. 


HILTON HEAD. 

Mrs. S. P. L. Gerrish, Chelsea.. Mass. 

Miss Anna M. Bishop, North Woodstock, Ct. 


GEORGIA. 


AUGUSTA. 


Mr. John A. Bassett, Mt. Carmel, Conn. 
Miss CarolineH. Merrick,Cortland, N. Y. 

44 Susan A. Hosmer, Ashby, Mass. 

“ Emma Engleman, 

“ S. E. Cargill, 

“ C. E. Stearns, 

“ Lilia A. Wild, 

“ Amy Williams, 

44 Amanda Burge, 


Syracuse, N. Y. 
Bangor, Me. 
Lyndeboro, N. H. 
West Fairlee, Vt. 
Livonia Station, N. Y. 
Youngstown, N. Y. 


ALBANY. 


Mrs. Lucy E. Case, 
Miss Abbie E. Howe, 
Miss C. S. Dickson, 

“ Hattie C. Foote, 
“ M. Calhoun, 


Millbury, Mass. 
Oxford, Mass. 
Fitchburg, Mass. 
Watertown, Conn. 
Boston, Mass. 


ATHENS. 

Mr. Frederic A. Sawtelle, Charlestown, Mass. 
Miss Carrie M. Morse, Upton, Mass. 

“ Sarah Van Nest, Spencerport, N. Y. 
“ Eliza C. Ayer, Tonaw'anda, N. Y. 

AMERICUS. 

Mr. Wm. Steward, Bridgeton, N. J. 

ANDERSONVILLE. 

+Rev, H. W. Pierson, D.D.,Toledo, Ohio. 

Miss Laura A. Parmelee, “ 

“ Amelia E. Johnson, Enfield, Conn. 

MILLEDGEVILLE. 


Miss S. M. Wells, 

“ L. E Hamilton, 

“ H. M. Leonard, 

44 Emma L. Brooks, 
“ Cornelia A. Lyon, 
“ Carrie F. Ayres, 


Jonesville, Mich. 
Oberlin, Ohio. 

New Bedford, Mass. 
Worcester, Mass. 
Clinton, Ohio. 
Worcester, Mass. 


ATTAPULGUS, ( Bairibridge .) 
Mr. Emanuel McClellan, Norfolk, Va. 

BAINBRIDGE. 


Mr. William L. Clark, 
Mrs. A. Clark, 

Miss A. B. Clark, 


Malden, Mass. 


BRUNSWICK. 

Miss Clara M. Janes, Lima, N. Y, 
BERNE. 

Miss Ellen E. Adlington, Weymouth, Mass. 
DARIEN. 

Miss Anna R. Wilkins, Boston, Mass. 

“ Susan P. Harrold, Franklin, Mass. 


MACON. 


Mr. John A. Rockwell, 
Rev. Philip D. Cory, 

Mrs. Martha D. Rockwell, 
Miss S. M. Proctor, 

“ E. M. Barnes, 

“ S. J. Whitney, 

44 Mary S. Pond. 

“ E. M. Boardman, 

“ Rhoda J. Lvon, 

“ M. L Goodell, 

“ Ella Roper, 

“ J. F. Stowell, 

“ Stella N. Smith, 

“ Gertrude A. Smith, 
“ Mary E. Hart, 

“ Ellen W. Abbott, 


Macon, Ga. 

Boston, Mass. 

Macon, Ga. 

Townsend, Mass. 
Bakersfield, Vt. 
Westboro, Mass. 
Irvington, N. J. 
Burlington, Vt. 
Oberlin, Ohio. 
NewHaven, Conn. 
Worcester, Mass. 

South Deerfield, Mass. 
East Hampton, Conn. 

Durham Centre, Conn. 
New Haven, Conn. 


MADISON. 


Miss H. S. Billings, 
44 M. E. Dyer, 

“ J. B. Barbour, 


Andover, Mass. 
Spencerport, N. Y. 
Romeo, Mich 


CUTHBERT. 

Miss S. W. Slansbury, Woodbridge, N. J. 
FREDERICA. 

Miss Annie F. Stevens, Frederica, Ga. 

NEWTON. 

Miss S. E. Russell, Pittston, Me. 

“ S. II. Champney, South Abington, Mass. 

SAPELO ISLAND, ( Dcuien .) 

Mr. Anthony Wilson, Elliott’s Bluff, Ga. 
SAVANNAH. 

Binghampton, N. Y. 


Rev. C. W. Sharp, 
Mrs. A. E. Sharp, 
Miss C. A. Drake, 
Mrs. H. B. Sharp, 
Rev. Rob’t Carter, 
Rev H. Brown, 

Mrs. H. Brown, 

Miss E. A. Huntoon, 
“ Jane S. Hardy, 
** Julia Wanzcr, 
E. A. Ward, 


Waterbury, Conn. 
Binghampton, N. Y. 
Macon, Ga. 
Savannah, Ga. 

Wallingford, Vt. 
Shelburn, Mass. 
New York City. 
Monson, Mass. 


“ Laura E. V. Dolsen, Detroit, Mich. 

44 Hattie G. Foote, 44 

ST. MART’S. 

Miss Minnie C. Owen, Wyoming, N. Y. 
QUITMAN. 

Mr. Joseph Morgan, Quitman, Ga. 

SATILLA. 

Miss Hattie E. Emerson, Fernandina, Fla. 


tRe/igned. 


♦Deceased. 



4 


DECATUR CO. (. Bainbridge .) 

Mr. Walter McDonald, Bainbridge, Ga. 
“ Emperor Gordon, “ 

“ Levi Burkett, “ 

“ J. J. Gideon, 

C. H. Standley, “ 

“ J. J. Carter, “ 

GREENSBORO. 

Mr. R. H. Gladding, Newport, R. I. 

HO PE TON, {Darien.) 

Mr. Wm. A. Jones, Elmira, N. Y. 


THOMAS CO. 

Miss Maria Quarles, Thomas ville, Ga. 
Mrs. E. E. Williams, “ 

“ Eliz’h Patten, Gloversville, Ga. 

THOMASVTLLE. 

Miss Jennie N. Cooke, Amherst, Mass. 

“ P. Maria Lee, Waylaud, Mass. 

“ Maria Guthrie, Thomasville, Ga. 

VALDOSTA. 

Mr. J. D. Enos, Valdosta, Ga. 


FLORIDA. 


GAINESVILLE. 

Miss Maggie Gardner, West Bloomfield, N. Y. 
“ E. B. Eveleth, E. D. Brooklyn, N. Y. 

MONTICELLO. 

Miss Carrie M. Blood, Lyme, N. H. 

“ Ilattie E. Twoguns, Brant, N. Y. 


JACKSONVILLE. 

+Mrs. Mary J. Conkling, Rensselaerville, N. Y. 
ST. AUGUSTINE. 

Miss Lydia P. Auld, East Boston, Mass. 

“ A'bbie A. Bowker, Brunswick, Me. 


Commissioned at Cincinnati and laboring under the direction of the 
Middle West Department, supported by the A. M. A. 

REV. E. M. CRAVATH, Dist. Secretary. 


GEORGIA. 

ATLANTA. ATLANTA. 


Norwich, Conn. 
New Haven, Conn. 


Mr. E. A. Ware, 

Rev. C. W. Francis, 

Mrs. C. W. Francis, 

Miss M. M. Fitch, 

' Eliza Mitchell, 

Mr C. S. Mattison, 

Miss Helen A. Payne, 

“ Hattie Lewis, 

“ Carr e Gordon, 

“ Emma C. Ware, 

“ Emeline A. Hawley, Terre Haute, Ind. 
“ Emma Campbell, Ironton, Ohio. 

“ MaryG Humphreys,Fort Wayne, Ind. 
“ S. J. Twitchell, Plantsville, Conn. 


Holliston, Mass. 
Oberlin, Ohio. 
Laurens, N. Y. 
Hamilton, N Y. 
Tallmadge, Ohio. 
Norwich, Conn. 


Miss Nellie M. Ayres, Worcester, Mass. 

“ Mary N. Withington,Newbury, Mass. 

“ Anna O Snowdon, Norwalk, Conn. 

“ L. E. Osgood, Fryeburg, Me 

+Mrs. Carrie Damon, Worcester, Mass. 

CARTERSVILLE. 

Miss Maggie L. McClure, Belle Centre, Ohio. 
MARIETTA. 

Miss E. C. Almendinger, Marietta, Ga. 

“ S. J. Howells, Cincinnati, Ohio. 


ALABAMA. 


Mr. C. A. Conrad, 
Mrs. C. A. Conrad, 


BALDWIN CO. 

Marietta, Ohio. 


MONTGOMERY. 


Mr. C. P. Wheeler, 
Mrs. C. P. Wheeler, 
Miss E. M. Wright, 


EUFAULA. 

Concord, Mass. 

44 

Middletown, Conn. 


MOBILE. 


Rev. H. S. Kelsey, 
MrsjH. S. Kelsey, 

Mr. G. L. Putnam, 

Miss E. J. Etheridge, 

“ A. A. Rockfellow, 
“ Mary A. Cooley, 

“ Susie A. Cooley, 

“ Ruth A. Allen, 

“ Sarah Mahony, 

“ Nellie Lincoln, 

“ Emma Harris, 

“ L. E. Thayer, 

Mrs. Mary E. F. Smith, 

tResigned. 


East Charlemont, Mass. 

lb 

Mobile, Ala. 

Dover, Ill. 

Whitewater, Wis. 

New London, Conn. 

II 

Madison, Wis. 

Kenosha, Wis. 

Chicago, Ill. 

Ripon, Wis. 

South Lima, N. Y. 

New London, Conn. 


Mr. G. Stanley Pope, 
Mrs. G. S. Pope, 

Mrs. A. B. Ackley, 

Miss Matilda Blackmar, 
“ M. L Santley, 

“ M. Louisa Porter, 
“ M. V. Adams, 

“ L. D. Burnett, 

Mr. I. N. Smock, 


Strongsville, Ohio. 

bb 

Granville, Ohio. 
Moscow, Mich. 

New London, Ohio. 
Ripley, Ohio. 
Spencerport, N. Y. 
Hamburg, Mich. 
Southport, Ind. 


SELMA. 

Mr. Joseph II. Sears, Plymouth, Mass. 

Miss C. E. Stowe, New Haven, Conn. 

“ Jessie Little, Oberlin, Ohio, 

“ R. Stevens, Louisville, Ky. 

TALLADEGA. 


Rev. H. E. Brown, 

Mrs. H. E. Brown, 

Miss Phebe Bebee, 

“ Sophia Tyler, 

“ Josephine Pierce, 
Mr. J, E. Jewell, 

Mrs. M. R. Jewell, 


Oberlin, Ohio. 

bb 

Tipton, Mich. 
Chagrin Falls, Ohio. 
Tallmadge, Ohio. 
Catskill, N. Y. 



5 


MARDYSVILLE, ( Talladega .) 
Mr . Edmond Rivers, Talladega, Ala. 

MARION. 


SILVER RUN. 


Mr. T. C. Steward, 
Mrs. T. C . Steward, 

“ H. P. Treadwell, 
Mr. Jame s E. Cowan, 


Windham, Ohio. 

44 

Mansfield, Mass. 
Crawfordsville, Ind. 


► 


Mr. Albert Brown, 


Miss J. E. Biegle, 


Talladega, Ala. 

GIRARD. 

Spruce Creek, Pa, 


Commissioned at Cincinnati and supported by the Western Freedmen’s 

Aid Commission and the A. M. A. 

REV. E. M. CRAVATH, Secretai'y. 

ALABAMA. 


ATHENS. 


ATHENS. 


Miss A. P. Ruckman, Saline, Mich. 

“ M. F. Wells, Ann Arbor, Mich. 


Miss M. F. Sturgis, Mosherville, Mich. 


TENNESSEE. 

BRENTWOOD. CARTHAGE. 


Miss Martha Taylor, Cincinnati, Ohio. Mr. Geo. Ballard, Amo, Ind. 


CHATTANOOGA. 


FLATSVILLE. 


Rev. E. O. Tade, 

Mrs. A. L. Tade, 

Miss Ella F. Wellman 
“ Nettie M. Pierce, 
“ Lizzie Stevenson 
“ M. J. Sherman, 


Chattanooga, Tenn. 

44 

Adrian, Mich. 
Austinburg, Ohio. 
Bellefontame, Ohio. 
Detroit, Mich. 


Miss Jennie Woodward, Amo, Ind. 

GALLATIN. 

Miss S. S. Gould, Eureka, Ill. 

“ N. D. Brooks, Berlin flights, Ohio. 


MEMPHIS. 


LEBANON. 

Mr. J. B. Jones, Oberlin, Ohio. 

NASHVILLE. 


Prof. Jos. H. Barnum, 
Rev. W. W. Mallory, 
Mr. G. W. Silsby, 

“ Edgar Pierce. 

“ John Kincaid, 

Mrs. J. H. Barnnm, 

“ G. S. Silsby, 

“ G. A. Moody, 

“ Mary J. Mead, 
Miss S. Maynard, 

“ M. A. Eamen, 

“ Amanda Trask, 

“ C. E. Hulsarr, 

“ Henrietta Matson, 
“ Agnes L. Hill, 

“ C. B. Newton, 

“ Anna M. Lee, 

“ Rebecca J. Lee, 

“ Kate Anderson, 


Oberlin. Ohio. 
Memphis, Tenn. 
Oberlin, Ohio. 
Austinburg, Ohio. 
Brockport, N. Y. 
Oberlin, Ohio. 

44 

Memphis, Tenn. 
Hillsdale, Mich. 
Ann Arbor, Mich. 
Lodi Plains, Mich. 
Hudson, Mich. 
Romeo, Mich. 
Bloomfield, Ohio. 
Jackson, Mich. 
Kinsman, Ohio. 
Salem, Ohio. 

44 

Monroe, Mich. 


Prof. Jno. Ogden, 

Rev. H. S. Bennett, 
Mr. Geo. L. White, 
Mrs. Jno. Ogden, 

“ H. S. Bennett, 

“ G. L. White, 
Miss C. M. Semple, 

“ H. M. Swallow, 

“ Mary C. Day, 
Mrs. Dr. Avey, 

Miss Georgiana Smith. 
‘ Ruth A. Kemp, 

“ M. B. Jackson, 


Mr. W.L. Copeland, 


St. Paul, Minn. 
Wakeman, Ohio, 
Nashville, Tenn. 

St. Paul, Minn. 
Wakeman, Ohio. 
Nashville. Tenn. 
Cincinnati, Ohio. 
Nashua, N. H. 
Sheffield, Ohio. 
Nashville, Tenn. 
Painesville, Ohio. 
Elyria, Ohio. 
Kennett Square, Pa. 


SMYRNA. 

Oberlin, Ohio. 


KENTUCKY. 


BEREA. 


LAGRANGE. 


Rev. Jno. G. Fee, 

“ J. A. R. Rogers, 
Prof. H. F. Clark, 

Mrs. L. K. Marshall, 

“ Laura F. Embree, 

“ Mary Blaisdell, 
Miss E. A. Snedeker, 

“ Hattie A. Pratt, 

“ Adelaide Cleghorn, 


Berea, Ky. 

44 

Painesville, Ohio. 
Berea, Ky. 

44 

Yellow Springs, Ohio. 
Decatur, Ohio. 

Berea, Ky. 

Oberlin, Ohio. 


Miss Laura Henson, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

MAYFIELD. 

Mr. Walter R. Jones, Oberlin, Ohio. 

MAY’S LICK. 

Miss Emma Gardener, Oberlin, Ohio. 


BRANDENBURG. 

Rev. J. Richards, Newark, Ohio. 

CAMP NELSON. 


MILLERSBURG. 

Miss M. E. Carmichael, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
“ Belle Newton, Louisville, Ky. 


Rev. Gabriel Burdett, Camp Nelson, Ky. 
Mr. I. M. Newton, Kinsman, Ohio. 

Mrs. I. M. Newton, “ 


NEW CASTLE. 

Miss Cora Ford, Cincinnati, Ohio. 




6 


< 


CYNTHIANA. 

Mr. C. C. Vaughn, Dinsmore, Ohio. 

CARLISLE. 

Mr. Edward Conway, Springfield, Ohio. 

v 

DANVILLE. 

Miss C. N. Oley, Oberlin, Ohio. 


NICHOLASVILLE. 

Mr. Henry Spear, Sidney, Ohio. 

PADUCAH. 

Miss Louisa Alexander, Oberlin, Ohio. 

“ Lizzie Hazle, Cleveland, Ohio. 

PARIS. 

Miss Florence Murrow, Louisville, Ky. 


ELKTON. 


RUSSELLVILLE. 


Miss Jerusha Kelley, Cincinnati, Ohio. 


Mr. Miles Carter, Cincinnati, Ohio. 


GREENSBURG. 


SHEPARDSVILLE. 


Mr. Arthur C. O’Hear, Charleston, S. C. Mr. Jos. H. Henson, Cincinnati, Ohio. 


HARRODSBURG. 

Miss Jennie E. Barnett, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
“ Anna Ferguson, “ 

LANCASTER. 

Miss Hattie Graham, Lexington, Ky. 


STANFORD. 

Miss Isabella Hudson, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
UNION HALL. 

Miss N. A. Patterson, Oberlin, Ohio. 

WASHINGTON. 


LOCKPORT. 


Miss Narcissus Dunlap, Cincinnati, Ohio. 


Miss Lizzie Butler, Oberlin, Ohio. 

7 * 


MAYSVILLE. 


LOUISVILLE. 


Mr. A. H. Robbins, 
Miss Kate Gilbert. 
Mrs. Caroline Tuller, 
“ S. A. Stevens, 

“ E. E. Cross, 

“ A. A. Sherman, 
“ Jennie Latson, 

“ Rebecca Haner, 


Elmwood, Ill. 

North Brookfield, Mass. 
Townsend Station, O. 
St. Johnsbury, Vt. 
Richville, N. Y. 
Marshall. Mich. 

Grass Lake, Mich. 
Milford, Mich. 


Miss Hena Carey, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

“ Amelia Cage, “ 

NEW BERNE. 

Miss Caroline Smith, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

NORTH MIDDLETON. 

Miss Mary J. Copeland, North Middleton, Ky. 


ELDORADO. 


OIL WORKS. 


Miss Lila Evans, Oberlin, Ohio. 


Miss Rebecca Jones, Cincinnati, Ohio. 


FLEMMINGSBURG. 


PADUCAH DIST. 


Miss C. H. Taylor, Cincinnati, Ohio. Miss Mary Wilson, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

“ Florence Anderson, “ 


GREENVILLE. 

Miss Hattie Worles, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
HENDERSON. 

Miss Louise Alexander, Oberlin, Ohio. 


LEXINGTON. 


Mr. Jno. G. Hamilton, 
Miss Mary L. Clark, 

“ L. L. Alvord. 

“ Mary D. Williams, 
“ Sarah Hamilton, 

“ Eugenia Heller, 


New York City. 
Cincinnati, Ohio. 
Ashtabula, Ohio. 
Greenfield, Mass. 
Greensburg, Ind. 
Delaware, Ohio. 


RICHMOND. 

Miss M. L. Ford, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

“ Lizzie Henson, Oberlin, Ohio. 

SOUTH DANVILLE. 

Miss Arabella Gaines, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

TRENTON. 

Miss Hannah Mason, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

VERSAILLES. 

Miss Mary Douglass, Cincinnati, Ohio. 


INDIANA. 


EVANSVILLE. 


VINCENNES. 


Mr. James M. Townsend, Oberlin, Ohio. 


Miss Anna Kelleyi Cincinnati. Ohio. 





7 


( 


1 


Commissioned at Chicago and laboring under 
Western Department of the A. 


the direction of the 
M. A. 


GEN C. H. HOWARD, DM. Secretary. 

ILLINOIS. 

JEFFERSON CITY. OSWEGO. 

Wm. F. Payne, Jefferson City, Mo. Mr. J. W. Stryker, Joliet, Ill. 

Mrs. H. E. Stryker, 

MISSOURI. 

IRONTON. 

Mr. Jesse Markham, Ironton, Mo. Mrs. C. Markham, Ironton, Mo. 

KANSAS. 

LAWRENCE. 

Rev. J. H. Payne, Lawrence, Kan. TOPEKA. 

LEAVENWORTH. Rev - L - H - Platt . Topeka, Kan. 

Rev. Robert Brown, Leavenworth, Kan. 


ARKANSAS. 


BATESYILLE. 

Miss P. A. Hand, Elkhorn, Wis. 

CAMDEN. 

Rev. Thos. E. Hughes, Columbus, Wis. 
Mrs. Grace J. Hughes, “ 

HELENA. 

Miss M. M. Clark, Ripon, Wis. 


PINE BLUFF. 

Miss D. F. Getman, Detroit, Midi. 

“ P. A. Holmes, Palmyra, Wis. 

FORT SMITH. 

Mr. Jas. O. Lyman, Hartford, Wis. 
WASHINGTON. 

Miss Mary B. Stuart. Allen’s Grove, Wis. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


ABERDEEN. 


CORINTH. 


Mr. Thos. L. Riggs, Beloit, Wis. 

“ J. D. Backenstose, Geneva, N. Y 

BROOKHAYEN. 

Miss M. R. Stull, Beloit, Wis. 

“ A. M. Keen, Fulton, Wis. 


Mr. A. D. Jones, Chesterfield, Ohio. 

MERIDIAN. 

Miss Rose Trussell, Lake Mills, Wis. 

“ Dora Ford, North Abmgton, Mass. 

“ Maria Waterbury, Polo, Ill. 


COLUMBUS. 


Mr Jos. N. Bishop, 

“ Jos. F. Galloway, 
Rev. P. S. Feemster, 
Mrs. L. S. Dickenson, 
Miss H. A. McClelland, 
“ Nellie Cone, 

“ Mary Roberts, 

Mr. J. F. Boulden, 


Rochelle, Ill. 
Columbus, Miss. 

tt 

Beloit, Wis. 
Oberlin, O. 
Farmington, Ills. 
Norlhfield, Minn. 
Columbus, Miss. 


COMO STATION. 


Miss Clara A. Lewis, Walpole, Mass. 


GRENADA. 

Miss A. C. Harwood, Moulton. Ill. 
■“ s. E. Sweetser, Peoria, Ill. 


NATCHEZ. 

Miss S. P. Hurlbert, Seville, O. 

“ A. M. Somers, Cross Roads, O. 
“ K.G. Slesser, Oak Creek, Wis. 

VICKSBURG. 

Rev. J. P. Bardwell, Oberlin, O. 

RAYMOND. 

Miss II. C. Bullard, Boston, Mass. 

“ Irene Johnson, Raymond, Miss. 

SHUBUTA. 

Miss M. L. Jarvis, Oberlin, O. 


TEXAS. 


GALVESTON. 

Miss S. M. Barnes, Woodbury, Ct. 

“ Sarah Skinner, Springfield, Mass. 

PORT LAVACCA. 

Mr. J, O. Stevenson, Rice Lake, Minn. 


HOUSTON. 


Miss J. R. Foster, 

“ Emma Dayton, 

“ Eunice Knapp, 

“ Martha E. Green, 


Delavan, Wis. 
Janesville, Wis. 
Woodstock, Ill. 
Ottawa, 111. 



(Supported by the Free Will Baptist Home Missionary Society.) 
ILLINOIS. 


AMERICA. 

Rev. J. A. Ferguson, America, Ill. 

CAIRO. 

Rev P. C. Tolford, Hillsdale, Mich. 

Nelson Rix, Cairo, Ill. 

“ Wm. Kelley, 

“ H. H. Keyes, Grand Rapids, Mich. 

Mrs. H. H. Keyes, * “ 

CARBONDALE. 

Rev. Wellington Joy, Niles, Mich. 

“ F. Mahoon, Carbondale, Ill. 

NEW 

Rev. J. Balaam, New Madrid, Mo. 


MOUND CITY. 

Rev. A. Rice, Mound City. Ill. 

Miss E. A. Tuttle, Ashland, Ohio. 

“ E. M. Carroll, Broken Straw, N. Y. 

UNITY. 

Rev. Isaac Gilbert, Unity, Ill. 

VILLA RIDGE. 

Rev. J. J. Johnston, Wallbridge. Ill. 

Mrs. M. J. Craig, Sandy Creek, Pa. 

)RID, MO. 

Mr. G. H. Jones, New Madrid, Mo. 


SUMMARY. 


Commissioned at the Central Office, ..... 233 

Laboring under the direction of the Western Department of A. M. A. - 51 

“ “ “ Middle West “ “ - 65 

“ “ “ F. W. B. Home Miss. Society, - 29 

“ “ “ Western F. A. Com’n, and A. M. A. 118 

Whole number sent into Service, ...... 49(5, 


Missionaries and missionary visitors, ----- 49 

Matrons of Mission Homes, and Orphan Asylums, - - - 16 

Missionary Teachers, Males, (89), Females, (339) ... 431 

Resigned 7, Deceased 1,- - - - - - - 7 

Leaving now in the Service, ------- 43 $ 


Whole number in Maryland ( 2 ), District of Columbia (15), Virginia (63), - 80 

“ “ North Carolina (41), South Carolina (27), - - 68 

u “ Georgia (114), Alabama (48), .... 162 

“ “ Tennessee (45), Kentucky (67), ... - 112 

“ “ Kansas (3), Illinois (17), Indiana ( 2 ), - - - 22 

“ “ Missouri (4), Arkansas ( 8 ), Mississippi (26), - - 38 

“ “ Texas (7), Florida (7),.14 


Colored Teachers and Missionaries—from the North 51, from the South 50, 101 


Whole number scholars in Day School, .... -23,062 

Average daily attendance, “ “ - - - - -19,340 

Whole number scholars in Night “ ..... 3,957 

“ “ “ Sabbath School, ... - -21869 

Number in Primary Department, - - - - - -10,291 

“ “ Intermediate “.9,579 

“ “ Grammar “.2,866 

“ “ Normal “.326 

Whole number of different pupils, ----- -27,019 

Average number of scholars to each teacher, - - - - 55 












9 


HISTORY 

OF THE 

AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION, 


FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. 

The American Missionary Association was formed Sept. 3, 1846. It 
was preceded by four recently established missionary organizations, 
which were subsequently merged into it. They were the result of a 
growing dissatisfaction with the comparative silence of the older mis¬ 
sionary societies in regard to Slavery, and were a protest against it. 
The first of these organizations was The Amistad Committee, originating 
under the following circumstances. On the 26th of Aug., 1839, Lieut. 
Gedney, of the brig Washington , employed on the coast survey, boarded 
a mysterious schooner, off the east end of Long Island. He found a 
large number of Africans and two Spaniards, one of whom announced 
himself as the owner of the negroes and claimed Lieut. Gedney’s pro¬ 
tection. The schooner was taken into the port of New-London, and 
the Africans, after a brief examination, in the U. S. District Court, were 
committed for trial for murder on the high seas. They were 42 in 
number, three being girls. They were all sent to jail in New-Haven. 

After passing through several Courts, the final trial of these Africans 
was held in the U. S. Supreme Court, in pursuance of a demand by the 
Minister of the Queen of Spain. John Quincy Adams and Roger S. 
Baldwin argued the case in their behalf, in March, 1841, and the “cap¬ 
tives” were pronounced free ! They were removed to Farmington, Ct., 
where they remained under instruction till the following November, 
when they sailed for their native land, accompanied by three mission¬ 
aries, sent by the Amistad Committee, which had been formed in New 
York, and had assumed the responsibility of the trial in the Courts. 

At this period, the Committee, occupied with their own pursuits, 
transferred the care of these Africans and the infant mission to The 
Union Missionary Society, a body then recently, organized in Hartford, 
Ct., with the same anti-slavery aim as that of the Amistad Committee, 
viz: “ to discountenance slavery, and especially by refusing to receive 
the known fruits of unrequited labor.” Under the auspices of the 
Union Society, the three Missionaries, accompanied by the captives, 
founded a mission-station at Kaw Mendi, West-Africa, where the Gos¬ 
pel was preached, a church organized, a school established, and a de¬ 
cided influence exerted against the slave trade. In 1845, a terrible war 
t raged among the tribes around the Mission, when its power for good 
| was most marked. It was the refuge for hundreds of both parties, who 

\ fled to it for protection. Its precincts were held to be sacred by both 
j belligerents, and the missionaries succeeded finally in restoring peace. 



10 


The Union Missionary Society, Tiie Committee for West India 
Missions and The Western Evangelical Missionary Society, subse¬ 
quently united in forming THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSO¬ 
CIATION, which entered upon the work with increased vigor, strength¬ 
ening the Missions already begun, and establishing or accepting the 
care of others—one missionary at the Sandwich Islands, two in Siam, 
and a number of Ministers and teachers laboring among the colored 
refugees in Canada, being taken under its care—so that in 1854 its la¬ 
borers in the Foreign field numbered 79, and were located in West 
Africa, Jamaica, the Sandwich Islands, Siam, Canada, and among the 
Ojibue and Ottawa Indians. It now has missions in Siam, Western 
Africa, Jamaica and the Sandwich Islands. 

THE HOME DEPARTMENT 

Of the Association was conducted with a special view to the preaching 
of the Gospel, free from all complicity with slavery and caste. Those 
of its Missionaries who were sent into the Southern States, while aiming 
to benefit all classes, whites and blacks, with schools and the preaching 
of the Gospel, yet bore an unequivocal “ testimony ” against slavery. 
The largest number of Home Missionaries employed by the Association 
was 110 in 1855, and these were located in the Northwestern Spates, and 
in Kentucky and North Carolina. 

AMONG THE SLAVES. 

Before the modern agitation of the anti-slavery question a few South¬ 
ern white ministers, and occasionally even religious bodies, had uttered 
noble words against slavery. Here and there also, churches were 
formed, principally Moravian, excluding slaveholders; but these utter¬ 
ances, and organizations were few and uninfluential. The American 
Missionary Association has the distinction of beginning the first decided 
efforts while slavery existed, for the education and religious instruction 
of the people of the South, on an avowedly anti-slavery basis. The 
history of these efforts is full of interest. 

Rev. John G. Fee was the pioneer in this movement. A Kentuckian 
by birth, the son of a slave-holder, disinherited by his father on account 
of his anti-slavery principles, preaching under the commission of the 
Home Missionary Society, but withdrawing from its patronage because 
dissatisfied with its position on the subject of slavery, he collected a 
church of non-slaveholders, and applied to the American Missionary 
Association for a commission. Mr. Fee was then in the vigor of young 
manhood, of sanguine temperament, and, as his subsequent history has 
abundantly shown, of unflinching courage and great moderation under 
trials. The Association was ready to welcome such a man, and gave 
him a commission dated Oct. 10th, 1848. A colporteur, an elder in 
Mr. Fee’s church, was employed at the same time to distribute Bibles 
and tracts among all classes, white and black, bond and free. 




11 


Mr. Fee’s labors were quite abundant. He preached in many places, 
organized another non-slaveholding church, and, in spite of some annoy¬ 
ances, was happy in his work and quite successful. Sunday-schools 
were established and day-schoools begun. The beginnings were made 
of W>^t has since become Berea College. 

In March, 1851, the Association commissioned Rev. Daniel Worth as 
a missionary in North Carolina. He too was a native of the State in 
which he labored, and had been a magistrate in the county. He 
preached to six feeble non-slaveholding churches, but his labors were not 
confined to them. He visited many parts of the State, and revivals at¬ 
tended his ministry. 

The next year the Association appointed three missionaries for Kan¬ 
sas, and others soon followed to share the trials and meet the dangers 
attendant on the efforts to settle that state with free men, and to plant 
there a free Gospel. 

Thus did the Association, at every accessible point, endeavor to 
preach the Gospel in the South. But soon there began to be heard the 
mutterings of that tempest which reached its terrible fury in the slave¬ 
holder’s rebellion, and whose billows are still breaking angrily but 
vainly against the shore. In 1855, Mr. Fee, reenforced by three other 
missionaries and three colporteurs, had given himself to a wider range 
of effort, employing his pen and engaging in discussions on the subject 
of slavery. These, with like efforts on the part of that noble champion 
of human rights, Hon. C. M. Clay, had called public attention extens¬ 
ively, and, as it was hoped, favorably to the subject. But slavery, ever 
viorilant, saw the danger and was aroused. The first indication of this 
was in Garrard county, Ky., where a mob was made to take the place 
of a discussion, with however no favorable results to the patriarchal in¬ 
stitution. Mr. Fee thus describes the scene : 

“ Preparations bad been made for a discussion with a young lawyer. He bad 
actually entered upon it, and made bis opening speech at one of my previous 
appointments. I went at the time appointed, with a brother in the church, expect¬ 
ing a pleasant debate. My opponent, at the dictate of bis masters, declined any 
further discussion, violated bis promise to maintain liberty of speech, and joined 
a meeting (or mob) which passed resolutions against my further preaching in the 
neighborhood, all at the time unknown to me or my friends. When I went, I 
found the accustomed good and attentive audience absent (expecting no discus¬ 
sion), and a lawless band of wicked, profane men (about forty) in their stead. They 
presented their resolutions, accusing me of rebelling against law, teaching doctrines 
immoral and tending to violations of chastity, ancl insisting that I must desist 
from preaching there, adding, ‘ This is peremptory.’ A physician was put forward 
as their foreman. In the company were one preacher and ten professors of re¬ 
ligion, as I was assured by an aged member of the Baptist church, at whose house 
the meetings had been held. I replied to their resolutions and demands at some 
length. I demanded to be brought before law tribunals, if I had violated law. If 
I was teaching error, I asked some lawyer, doctor, or preacher, or any half-dozen 
of them, to appear before the people and show it, and let me have a chance of re¬ 
ply. They replied : ‘ We want no discussion ; it only does injury .’ This is the policy 
of slavery and every other wicked work ; it shuns the light. 

“They then demanded that I should promise not to preach any more there. I 
refused to thus pledge myself, telling them I should be treacherous to God, to my 
own soul, and to their highest interest if I should do so, and that they would real- 


12 


ly regard me in that light. They then demanded that I should leave that house, 
threatening violence if I did not. I again refused, saying I should do no one thing 
that had the appearance of retreating or surrendering a right. They swore I 
should; took me by force, put me on my horse, then with boards and sticks forced 
my horse along, pouring upon me vile abuse and constant threats of violence. 
Then it was that I felt the force of the words uttered against Christ, my Saviour: 
‘ Away with him ! away with him ! ’ In many respects this was to me a most try¬ 
ing occasion. Yet to me it has been a blessing. It has driven me nearer to God 
my strength. It has given me such sympathy with Christ as I had not before, and 
could not have had otherwise.” 

The good effects of that scene are mentioned subsequently by Mr. 
Fee : 

“ Hundreds wdio were before silent are now speaking out in tones of marked 
disapprobation of the conduct of the mob. That mob, in two hours’ time, probably 
did more to advance the cause of freedom in this and adjoining counties, than 
we could have done in two years of faithful preaching. God be praised ‘ that he 
makes the wrath of man to praise him ! ’ ” 

The next year came the crisis in Kansas. Forays were made into 
the territory by infuriated men, under unprincipled leaders, from Mis¬ 
souri; United States troops, under the lead of marshals, were arresting 
citizens for no crime but that of protecting themselves, their families, 
and their property; and hordes of ruffians were prowling over the 
country, abusing, robbing, seizing, and dragging away peaceful inhabit¬ 
ants. It was truly a reign of terror. The escape of the missionaries 
was remarkable. Rev. Mr. Adair, one of the number, wrote, under 
date of October 1st, 1856 : 

“I am now where I have fled from the tyrant Pierce and his‘Border Ruffians.’ 
They seek to shed my blood ; they have shot down a nephew of mine who hap¬ 
pened to be in the road near my house. . . . This was soon followed by the 
murder of a cousin of mine, an invalid Christian man, who was near and tried to 
escape ; he fled to the wood, two horsemen pursued him, and shot him. Another 

man near by was badly wounded.I shall not attempt to describe my 

feelings wfliile I lay concealed, much less the feeelings I had when, late at night, I 
got help, and with a lantern in hand went to the woods, found the dead body of 
my cousin, and brought it home on the Sabbath. May God have mercy on the 
murderers ; they know not what they do ! . . . My children are in constant 
fear, but my wife is not in a situation to leave, nor could I leave her alone. Do 
pray for us.” 

Mr. Adair was connected by marriage with the celebrated John 
Brown, and the nephew here mentioned was the old hero’s son. This 
murder was one of the series of events that led to the raid at Harper’s 
Ferry, and thus hastened the outbreak of the rebellion. 

Mrs. Byrd, the wife of another missionary, narrates the capture of 
her husband: 

“ My husband is a prisoner in the camp of the enemy. Last night, about ten 
o’clock, we heard horsemen riding at full speed up to the house. They were soon 
at the door, knocking and calling for Mr. Byrd. They ordered him to get up and 
go with them, but would not for a long time tell us where or for what reason. They 
assured him lie should not be harmed at all, and finally said they had orders to 
take him to their camp. Husband rose and let them in, for they were also directed 
to see whether he had any firearms, and to search for papers." The company con¬ 
sisted of five armed men. One of our pro-slavery neighbors brought me a note 
this morning from Mr. Byrd, in which he says that he is courteously treated, but 
did not know when he should return, HereT am alone, with four little ones, the 
youngest a babe not two months old, and worse than all, my husband is in the 
hands of merciless men. Do pray for us.” 


13 


The year 1858 brought another mob upon Mr. Fee and his fellow- 
laborer, Jones, a colporteur who accompanied him, and who, as it turned 
out, was the only sufferer of physical violence. A graphic pen sketches 
the scene: 

“ While Bro. Fee was preaching, thirty or forty armed men rode up, and sent 
one of their number into the house to demand that he should desist. He replied, 
as he has usually done in such cases, that he was peaceably exercising his consti¬ 
tutional right, and requested the person to be seated until he had finished preach¬ 
ing. The messenger returned to his company, who then rushed in and seized Bro. 
Fee and Bro. Jones; they tried to extort from Bro. Fee a promise that he would 
never return, threatening to duck him in the river till there was no breath left in 
him. Failing in getting a pledge, they mounted their horses, one of them taking 
Bro. Jones up behind him, and rode about two miles to the river, and descended 
into a dark, lonely ravine upon the bank. At the foot they halted, and made 
another effort to induce Bro. Fee to promise to leave that part of the country, and not 
return. He at length got their attention, and commenced talking to them, telling 
them he could not make a pledge that might conflict with future duty. Said he, 

‘ It is not impossible that some of you may yet want me to come and pray with 
you, and I should hate to be under a pledge not to do it.’ He also told them, if he 
did this from fear of their violence, they themselves would not respect him, and 
reminded them of that greater meeting, when they all must be assembled to give 
an account of ‘ the deeds done in the body.’ At length one of them said: ‘ They 
did not come there to hear a sermon; they must attend to their business.’ They 
then proceeded a little way further to a thicket on the bank of the river. They 
here ordered Bro. Jones to strip; he pulled off his coat and vest, and stopped. 
They jeered him, and told him to ‘ strip his linen.’ They removed all his clothing 
except his shirt. Then bending him over, they turned that up, and one of the 
leaders of the gang proceeded to whip him upon the naked back with a sycamore 
switch or switches; these grow large and heavy. Every blow left its mark. His 
wounds, as seen afterward by others, are of no slight character. Bro. Fee expos¬ 
tulated with them, but in vain. When they had satisfied their cruelty upon Bro. 
Jones, the man who plied the whip, approaching Bro. Fee, told him if he would 
not promise never to return, he should be treated five times worse. Well, he told 
them he would meet his suffering then. They compelled him to remove a part of 
his clothing. He knelt to receive the blows, and then, for some unaccountable 
reason, they desisted without striking a blow. They then ordered them to start 
immediately for their houses, and remounting, they escorted them about five miles, 
and there left them. They came about eight miles, and put up for the night at the 
house of a friend, where Bro. Fee preached to the family. He says he never felt 
more in the spirit of preaching, and never spent a happier night than the one which 
followed. Bro. Jones suffered greatly under his cruel whipping.” 

At length came the raid of John Brown, (October, 1859,) the univer¬ 
sal terror of the South, and the expulsion of all our missionaries from 
Kentucky and North-Carolina. The onset began at Berea, Madison 
county, Kentucky. The school at this place was prosperous. A num¬ 
ber of families, some from Ohio, had gathered here to aid in building up 
the institution and the cause of freedom. Mr. Fee was absent at the 
North, soliciting funds for the school, when a committee of sixty-two 
persons, appointed at a public meeting held at Richmond, the county- 
seat, came to Berea and warned the principal men to leave the place in 
ten days. No disrespectful language was used, but it was said that 
force would be employed if the warning was not heeded. On the next 
day, two of the proscribed citizens called on the Governor of the state, 
who assured them that he could not protect them ; and the 30th of 
December, thirty-six persons reached Cincinnati, exiles for the crime of 
/holding, and teaching anti-slavery sentiments! They were ministers, 


14 


teachers, business-men, and their families; one of the number had re¬ 
cently erected a steam saw mill at Berea, and was the owner of five 
hundred acres of land. 

Bro. Fee’s family had removed to Bracken County, where he joined 
them, hoping that, as this was near the Ohio, in the vicinity of his birth¬ 
place, and the scene of some of his most successful labors in preaching 
and planting churches, he might be suffered to remain in peace. But 
the hope was vain. The organized mob came with the inexorable no¬ 
tice. Eighteen exiles, including women and children, started for Ohio, 
in January, I860. 

In North-Carolina, the useful labors of Rev. Daniel Worth were also 
stopped, and himself forced from the State by these first throes of the 
coming earthquake of rebellion. He wrote from New-Salem, North- 
Carolina, December 21st, 1859 : 

“ The prospect is that we shall have times of trial here before long. Since the 
unfortunate affair at Harper’s Ferry, the country is in a tremendous ferment. 
Threatenings reach me from various quarters, and I should not be surprised if met 
by a mob at my next appointment. I do not expect to leave my work except com¬ 
pelled by brute force. I know arrangements are making to meet me with a mob 
at my next appointment—Sabbath the 25th. I am calm, peaceful, confiding in my 
God.” 

He was arrested, and had his preliminary examination at Greensboro. 
He pleaded his own defense. A correspondent of The New York Herald 
gives this description of him : 

“ The Rev. Daniel Worth is a large, portly man,with a fine head, an intellectual 
and expressive countenance, and a large, commanding eye. He looks enough like 
Burton, the comedian, to be his twin brother. . . He is fluent in speech, and the 
general style and manner of his speaking are calculated to win attention. He did 
not appear to be at all embarrassed or frightened at his position, but on the con¬ 
trary, expressed his ideas with boldness and fearlessness.” 

He was indicted and remanded to prison. His trial began March 
30th, 1860, occupying one wdiole day and nearly a wdiole night. The 
verdict was guilty ; the sentence, a year’s imprisonment. On his appeal 
to the Supreme Court, he was released on bonds for $3000. He came 
North, and the funds were raised. 

Rev. A. Vestal, the other missionary of the American Missionary 
Association, in North Carolina, was compelled to leave. In these and 
other ways, Sodom was prepared for the doom of fire and blood ! 

The Executive Committee, soon feeling the influence of fore¬ 
shadowed events, withdrew largely its Home Missionaries from the 
North-West, to concentrate the energies of the Association more fully 
on the new field opening at the South. 

AMONG THE FREEDMEN. 

The Union armies, on entering the South, found a surprising thirst 
for knowledge among the negroes; and chaplains and Christian sol¬ 
diers became, to a limited extent, their teachers. But the first system¬ 
atic effort for their relief and instruction was made by the American 


j 


15 


Missionary Association; and the honor of the initial steps is due to 
Lewis Tappan, Esq., then its treasurer, who began the movement by a 
correspondence with General Butler, in command at Fortress Monroe, 
where the fugitive slaves were protected. Soon afterwards the 
Association sent Rev. L. C. Lockwood to Fortress Monroe. He 
reached there September 3d, and under authority of Gen’l Wool entered 
at once upon his work. He spent the day in exploring. At night from 
the hotel piazza he heard singing in the distance and following up the 
strain, came upon a prayer meeting of “ contrabands” in a low shed out¬ 
side the Fort. They heard his mission with gladness and gratitude, and 
hailed his coming as the answer to their prayers, and the assurance that 
“ the good Lord” had some great things in store for them and their 
people. Meetings were arranged and Sabbath schools organized—one 
of them in the house of Ex. Pres. Tyler—a new use for that house and 
a new era for the people. 

But the great event in Mr. Lockwood’s mission, though its signifi¬ 
cance was, perhaps, not then suspected by him, was the establishment, 
on the 17th of September, 1861, of the first day-school for the Freedmen. 
The school was opened in a small brown house, near the large building 
known as the “ Seminary,” where once the proud daughters of the 
South were educated. The first teacher of that humble school was 
Mrs. Mary S. Peake, an amiable and intelligent Christian woman. Her 
mother was a free colored woman; her father, a white man—an English¬ 
man of rank and culture. Mrs. Peake taught the school with great 
success for a few' months, w r hen her health failed, and she entered 
peacefully upon her heavenly rest. 

That little school was the harbinger of the hundreds that have fol¬ 
lowed, and of the thousands that are yet to come, that are to give an 
intelligent Christian culture to the colored race in America. Mrs. Peake 
and the first slave-ship will hereafter be contrasted as the initiators of 
two widely dilferent eras—of barbarism and of civilization. 

These beginnings were followed, in rapid succession, by those marked 
events in the progress of education among the Freedmen, still fresh in 
memory of all. The following summary of the number of missionaries, 
superintendents and teachers employed by the American Missionary 
Association at the South will, in the briefest way, give a view of the 
rapid enlargement of its work: In 1863 there were 83 employed by 
the Assoc’n; in 1864 there were 250 : in 1865, 320 : in 1866, 353: in 
1867, 528 : in 1868, 522. 

The operations of the year 1868 may be seen from the following 
statements: 

Physical Relief. —More than $50,000 worth of clothing and supplies 
has been received. The two flourishing Orphan Asylums, one at 
Atlanta and the other at Wilmington, have given shelter to many little 
Sufferers who would otherwise have had neither home or food. 

f 



Schools, Day, Night and Sunday, under these teachers, have been 
efficiently maintained, and in many places have laid the foundations of a 
common-school system for their districts or states. One important aim 
of the Association is to raise up teachers and preachers among the people, 
as the only possible way of meeting the constantly increasing demand 
for them. With the aid of the Freedmen’s Bureau, and such co-opera- 
tion of the colored people as could be secured, it has already obtained 
a large number of sites and buildings for High Schools, Normal Schools and \ 
Incorporated Colleges. High Schools are established in Wilmington and 
Beaufort, N. C.; Savannah, Ga.; Memphis and Chattanooga, Tenn., and 
Louisville, Ky. 

Normal Schools at Hampton, Ya.; Charleston, S. C.: Macon, Ga.; Tal¬ 
ladega and Mobile, Ala.; and Chartered Colleges at Berea, Ky., Nashville, 
Tenn., and Atlanta, Ga. 

“The Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute” offers a three years’ 
course of study. It is situated on a farm of 120 acres of choice land, in 
the cultivation of which the young men defray a considerable part of their 
expenses. 

A peculiar feature of Berea College is, that of the 300 pupils which it 
numbered last year a little over one third were white. 

Fisk University, Nashville, has a charter, a corps of ten instructors, 
and numbers 413 pupils—88 in the normal department, 85 in the gram¬ 
mar school, and the remainder in the lower department. It stands on 
a block of land in the city worth at least $16,000. 

The Atlanta University, Georgia, occupying a choice location in the 
city, has a large number of students in the earlier stages of their course' 

It is laying the foundations for an important institution, destined to exert 
a wide influence over the state. 

The school building at Mobile occupies one of the finest sites in the 
city, and is really one of the most substantial and commodious buildings 
in the state. It will furnish school-room for 800 pupils. 

Churches.— The auspicious time for their formation on the basis 
of intelligence and active piety, free from the mere emotionalism 
of the past, has come. Already the Association has under its care such 
churches at Charleston, S. C.; Atlanta and Macon, Ga.; Chattanooga, j 
Nashville and Memphis, Tenn.; Talladega, Ala.; Camp Nelson and 
Berea, Ky., and elsewhere. One has recently been organized in that 
scene of prison horrors, Andersomille , Ga. 

It is expected that similar organizations will soon be formed at other 
important places. These churches may be small at the outset, but under 
God they must and will increase and become a power for good among 
both the colored people and the whites. 






